Tashkent, Uzbekistan (UzDaily.com) -- Recently, negative consequences of global climate change have been increasingly manifested in Kazakhstan. The frequency and intensity of extreme events, including heat waves, storms, heavy rainfall and drought, are noted to be increasing.

According to the Paris Agreement (2015), Kazakhstan committed itself to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 15% from the 1990 level by 2030.However, these commitments are not being met (the volume of pollutants into the atmosphere at the end of 2019 made up 2.5 million tonnes, and their annual growth is 100,000 tonnes)

Analyzing the impact of climate change on various aspects in Kazakhstan, the following points are highlighted.

First, the impact on the water-ecological sphere.

According to experts’ forecasts, an increase in winter and summer temperatures in Kazakhstan by 2030 may reach about 2 degrees Celsius, which will lead to a shortage of water. In 2030, it is predicted that the usual indicators will decrease by 10-22% in the river basins of Jambyl, Turkestan, East Kazakhstan, Pavlodar and Almaty regions.

Second, the risks to agriculture. UNDP experts have calculated that by 2050, climate change processes will increase the aridity of the climate in Northern Kazakhstan to 15% and reduce wheat productivity by almost half. At the same time, in the southern regions it is predicted that the indicators of lowland pastures will decrease to 25%, mountain pastures - to 40%; reducing the potential of livestock grazing on flat pastures by 15-30%, on mountain pastures - by 40%.

In general, it is emphasized that the negative impact of climate change will contribute to the strengthening of socio-economic problems (migration, food security, unemployment) in Kazakhstan.

To prevent the negative consequences of climate change today, Kazakhstan together with the UN Development Program "Global Economic Fund" is taking measures to: a) create a database on climate change for each region of Kazakhstan; b) conducting a national assessment of vulnerability to climate change; c) development of mechanisms for financing measures to adapt regions to climate change.