The pact, signed by defense ministers of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states in Kyrgyzstan on 27 June 2007, was submitted by the State Council, or Cabinet, to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC).

The treaty covers issues involved in military exercises, including authorizing institutions, decision making, consulting mechanisms, compensation of losses and judicial issues.

It took interim effect on 27 June 2007, which guaranteed the success of the "Peace Mission-2007" joint anti-terrorism military exercises held by the SCO from 9 to 17 August 2007.

The SCO, founded in 2001, has six members: China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It aims to enhance security, trade, cultural, military and judicial cooperation.